Abstract: As core structural components in fields such as aerospace, stiffened revolution shells are prone to thermal buckling failure under high-temperature loads, severely restricting their structural safety and reliability. This paper proposes a new design strategy by replacing traditional straight stiffeners with periodic lattice curved stiffeners to achieve the optimization and enhancement of structural thermal buckling strength. For this purpose, a modelling method for arranging free-form curved stiffeners on curved shells is firstly presented; secondly, a mathematical formulation of the optimization problem is established with the objective of maximizing the critical thermal buckling eigenvalue; and finally, optimizations are carried out for typical curved-stiffened shells including stiffened cylindrical shells, conical shells, and ellipsoidal shells, as well as typical revolution shells with openings and non-uniform stiffening. The results indicate that, compared with traditional straight-stiffened shell structures, the curved-stiffened design can enhance the thermal buckling resistance of the shell skin along the axial direction, thereby effectively increasing the critical thermal buckling temperature by more than 30%. The curved-stiffened design strategy provides a theoretical basis and technical reference for innovative structural design in fields such as aerospace equipment under high-temperature service conditions.