Abstract: Through the shear bearing test of 12 grouting material width replacement reinforced RC beams under three shear span ratios, the influence of width reinforcement method on beam failure modes, load-deflection relationships, stirrup strain, inclined section concrete (grouting material) strain and other indicators was compared and analyzed. The results show that: under each shear span ratio, cracks first appear on the grouting material side of the single-sided replacement beam and the cracks are more dense, the ultimate failure of the beam is determined by the grouting material, there is a difference in the inclination angles of diagonal cracks on both sides, the stirrups on both sides yield at the same time and the failure time of the inclined sections on both sides is close; with the increase of the shear span ratio, the cracking load and peak load of each beam specimen decrease, while the deflection corresponding to the peak load increases; Compared with ordinary concrete beams, the cracking loads and corresponding deflections of single-side and double-side replacement beams reduce at each shear span ratio, and the peak loads increase. Based on the truss-arch model, a calculation method for the shear bearing capacity of RC beams reinforced by grouting material width replacement is established. The calculated values show good agreement with the test values and are slightly lower than those derived from GB50010-2010. This study can provide a reliable theoretical basis for the improvement of RC structure reinforcement theory.