公路梁式桥上部结构洪水作用机理及抗洪性能研究

李鹏飞; 毛燕; 董振华; 韦韩

doi:10.6052/j.issn.1000-4750.2019.05.S038

公路梁式桥上部结构洪水作用机理及抗洪性能研究

交通运输部公路科学研究院，北京 100088

基金项目: 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2018-9019)

详细信息

作者简介:
李鹏飞(1981−)，男，河北任丘人，助理研究员，工学博士，主要从事交通工程及桥梁工程研究(E-mail: lpf.china@163.com)

董振华(1984−)，女，山东菏泽人，副研究员，工学博士，主要从事交通工程及桥梁工程研究(E-mail: dongzhenhua2009@126.com)

韦　韩(1982−)，男，广西河池人，副研究员，工学硕士，主要从事交通工程及桥梁工程研究 (E-mail: h.wei@rioh.cn)

通讯作者:
毛　燕(1981−)，女，山东蓬莱人，副研究员，工学硕士，主要从事交通工程及桥梁工程研究(E-mail: 17526927@qq.com)

中图分类号: U442.58
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-05-20
- 修回日期: 2019-11-05
- 网络出版日期: 2020-05-31
- 刊出日期: 2020-05-31

STUDY ON FLOOD ACTION MECHANISM AND FLOOD RESISTANCE OF HIGHWAY GIRDER BRIDGE SUPERSTRUCTURE

Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Transport, Beijing 100088, China

摘要

摘要: 洪水灾害是影响桥梁结构安全运行的严重威胁，洪水发生时流水冲击力直接作用于桥梁结构，以往桥梁设计中对水位线以上的桥梁上部结构可能遭受的洪水作用缺乏考虑，造成桥梁上部结构抗洪能力不足。该文以洪水的力学性能为基础，研究了洪水对桥梁上部结构的作用机理，提出了洪水破坏力计算公式及相关参数的确定方法，分析了桥梁上部结构在洪水作用下的主要失效模式及对应的力学平衡方程。研究表明，洪水对桥梁上部结构的主要作用力包括水平冲击力、竖向上浮力、上托力。相应的桥梁上部结构的破坏模式主要有支座滑动、支座剪切、整体倾覆等。在此基础上，针对桥梁上部结构的主要薄弱点，遵循洪水破坏力与结构抗力之间的平衡关系，提出了桥梁上部结构发生支座滑动破坏、支座剪切破坏、整体倾覆破坏模式下的抗洪性能分析思路及计算公式，对公路桥梁的抗洪设计及安全性评估具有指导意义。
- 桥梁工程 /
- 梁式桥 /
- 上部结构 /
- 洪水作用 /
- 抗洪性能 /
- 稳定性 /
- 理论分析
Abstract: Flood is a serious threat to the bridge across the river, the direct acting force of flood on a bridge is the impact of water. In the past, the flood action on bridge superstructure above water level was neglected in bridge design, which results in the insufficient flood resistance of bridge superstructure. Based on mechanical properties of flood water, it studies the action mechanism of flood on bridge superstructure and puts forward the calculation formula of flood damage force and the determination method of related parameters; and then analyzes the main failure mode of superstructure under the action of flood. The results show that the bridge superstructure is mainly affected by horizontal impact force, vertical buoyancy force and uplift force under the action of flood; the failure modes of the superstructure include sliding of bearing, shear of bearing and overall overturning. On this basis, according to the balance and stability theory between the flood damage and structural resistance, the design method and calculation formula of the bridge superstructure subjected to failure modes of bearing sliding failure, bearing shear failure and overall overturning are proposed. The results can be used for the flood prevention design and safety assessment of highway bridges.
- bridge engineering /
- girder bridge /
- superstructure /
- flood action /
- flood resistance /
- stability /
- theoretical analysis

HTML全文

图 1 洪水作用下桥梁上部结构失效

Figure 1. Failure of bridge superstructure under flood

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图 2 河道断面流速横向分布

Figure 2. Transverse distribution of channel velocity

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图 3 河道断面流速竖向分布

Figure 3. Vertical distribution of channel velocity

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图 4 洪水对桥梁的水平作用力示意图

Figure 4. Horizontal force of flood on bridge

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图 5 洪水波动对桥梁上托力示意图

Figure 5. Schematics of the uplift forces caused by flood wave

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图 6 桥梁洪水作用力计算示意图

Figure 6. Calculation diagram of flood force on bridge

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图 7 梁式桥上部结构抗洪计算示意图

Figure 7. Flood resistance calculation diagram for the superstructure of girder bridge

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图 8 支座剪切破坏计算图

Figure 8. Calculation diagram of bearing shear failure

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图 9 上部结构倾覆破坏计算图

Figure 9. Calculation diagram of superstructure overturning failure

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